Stephen Wang thought he understood the costs of owning a condo in Torrance, California. Then his homeowners association sent a bill for $49,000 — levied equally on all 499 units in his complex — and he found out otherwise.
“I was shocked, as most of the residents here are,” Wang told ABC7.
The assessment stems from a cluster of major repair and upgrade projects the Homeowners Association (HOA) decided to undertake simultaneously: a full rebuild of the building’s podium — a structure supporting the complex — at a cost of $13 million, plus re-piping the entire property and repairing the elevators, totaling $19 million, according to Wang.
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Homeowners in the complex have filed a lawsuit and are working to recall the HOA board.
A nationwide surge in special assessments
Wang’s situation is extreme, but the broader trend is not. According to Vantaca data cited by Forbes, regular HOA monthly assessments have risen 50.5% since 2020 — more than double the rate of inflation — with median special assessments reaching a record $1,100 per unit in 2025.
And according to Yahoo Finance, also citing Vantaca, almost 10% of HOAs levied a special assessment last year, up from 7.8% in 2021.
Ben Currin, CEO of Vantaca, warned that HOAs that have been absorbing rising costs without raising dues are exposing themselves to risk. Associations that continue underfunding their reserves “will see bigger and bigger swings,” he told Yahoo Finance.
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California’s particular pressure
California condo owners face compounding pressures that are accelerating the special assessment trend. According to LS Carlson Law’s analysis, two forces are at play: the years of underfunded reserves catching up, plus California’s SB 326 balcony inspection law,
SB 326 set a January 1, 2026 deadline for inspections of exterior elevated elements — like balconies, decks, walkways and load-bearing structural components more than 6 feet above ground — at all condo associations with three or more units. Non-compliant associations face enforcement fines, insurance coverage gaps and potential personal liability for board members.
The result, the analysis notes, is special assessments ranging from $40,000 to $60,000 per unit at some California communities — squarely in line with what Wang is facing in Torrance.
The legal landscape and its gaps
Attorney Michael Kushner, managing partner at MBK Chapman and an HOA law specialist, told ABC7 that he’s seeing a significant rise in special assessments.
The core problem, he said, is structural: “It is a very lopsided relationship, just by virtue of the fact that the HOA has got everybody’s money to play with, and the HOA has authority to issue discipline.”
California’s Davis-Stirling Act — the state’s governing HOA statute — provides some protections for homeowners, but Kushner notes its vague provisions create room for abuse. “HOAs will routinely take advantage of non-bright lines of a vague language, or lines that aren’t too bright, to do what they want to do anyway,” he said.
Compounding the problem is that California has no regulatory agency that oversees HOAs. If an association isn’t following the law, homeowners’ only real recourse is litigation. Of homeowners, Kushner says, “The only way they’re gonna be able to force an HOA to follow the law is to sue them.”
What homeowners can do
Kushner offered guidance for condo owners who want to protect themselves before a massive bill arrives. HOAs are required to provide annual financial disclosures — and the percentage-funded figure is the one to watch. If it’s below 55%, he said, homeowners should raise concerns immediately at board meetings.
Beyond that, he says to communicate everything in writing, attend HOA meetings and stay involved with association decisions.
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With a writing and editing career spanning over 15 years, Emma creates and refines content across a broad spectrum of industries, including personal finance, lifestyle, travel, health & wellness, real estate, beauty & fitness and B2B/SaaS/tech.
