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Economy
A promotion for McDonald's new Dollar Menu, with company CEO Chris Kempczinski. Justin Sullivan/Getty Images, Win McNamee/Getty Images

McDonald’s CEO says high inflation will last ‘many more years’ — but there’s a McLimit to how much people will tolerate

McDonald’s expects high inflation to stick around for years, but with consumers already thinking twice about what fast food is worth, the company may be running out of room to pass those costs along.

CEO Chris Kempczinski recently told CNBC that McDonald’s [NYSE: MCD] is no longer treating today’s inflation as temporary. He expects inflation will last for “many more years,” with little growth expected in restaurant traffic.

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Beef is a particular concern for McDonald’s, given its importance to the company’s menu. In fact, Kempczinski said beef prices have nearly doubled over five years across the company’s largest markets.

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“We’re not expecting that the industry, all of a sudden, is going to have robust traffic growth,” Kempczinski said. “We think that’s going to be largely flat.”

While McDonald’s reported earnings and revenue that were broadly in line with analysts’ estimates for its most recent quarter, U.S. same-store sales — a key measure of how established restaurants are performing without the boost from new openings — rose just 0.8%. That was below expectations and down sharply from 2.5% a year earlier.

Globally, the pattern was similar, with comparable sales rising 1.3%, down from 3.8% in the previous quarter.

During the company’s earnings call, Kempczinski said the results were “below our expectations,” acknowledging that McDonald’s didn’t get the traction it wanted from its under-$3 value menu. With restaurant traffic stagnating, the company is looking to take market share instead, and prices are becoming a bigger part of that effort.

Bringing ‘value’ back

McDonald’s is confronting inflation differently this time because customers have already absorbed years of steep menu-price increases, leaving the company with less room to keep passing along higher costs.

The company is trying to win back price-conscious customers with $4 meals and menu items priced below $3 across breakfast, lunch and dinner, including the McDouble, McChicken and four-piece Chicken McNuggets. However, customers have become more selective about eating out, particularly at the lower end of the income scale.

Fast food isn’t healthy, but it’s supposed to be cheap. Increasingly, it’s neither.

A FinanceBuzz analysis found that McDonald’s menu prices doubled on average between 2014 and 2024, based on a basket of popular items. Some former value-menu staples rose even faster: the McDouble climbed 168%, while the Quarter Pounder with Cheese Meal jumped 122% and medium fries increased 138%. The analysis calculated overall consumer price inflation at 31% over the same period, using the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ CPI Inflation Calculator.

McDonald’s pushed back on the idea that its prices had dramatically outpaced inflation. In an open letter, McDonald’s USA President Joe Erlinger said the average price of its menu items rose about 40% between 2019 and 2024, roughly in line with increases in the company’s labor and food costs over that period.

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Inflation and the ‘K-shaped’ economy

The inflation hangover Kempczinski described is particularly important for McDonald’s, which has historically relied heavily on middle- and lower-income households.

Inflation remains elevated, but consumers aren’t experiencing it equally. The result is an increasingly “K-shaped” economy, where higher- and lower-income households are moving in opposite financial directions. For households with less room in their budgets, rising living costs can leave less money for discretionary spending, including restaurants.

As a result, restaurant sales are still rising, but the spending is increasingly coming from consumers with more room in their budgets. As Jonathan Maze of Restaurant Business noted, overall restaurant sales increased for five consecutive months through August, but the gains haven’t been evenly distributed. Full-service restaurants and local independents have performed better, while fast-food sales have struggled.

Higher-income households are driving much of that spending. According to the National Restaurant Association, households earning more than $100,000 account for 60% of restaurant spending despite representing 45% of U.S. households.

McDonald’s is seeing the other side of that divide. Spending at the chain among households earning $40,000 or less fell 2.4% year over year during its latest quarter, according to data from consumer analytics firm Numerator, Business Insider reports.

Americans haven’t stopped eating out, but those with the most room in their budgets are accounting for a disproportionate share of restaurant spending. For McDonald’s, keeping prices within reach for less affluent diners is becoming more important as the company can no longer count on industrywide traffic growth.

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Sam Bourgi Contributing writer

Sam Bourgi is a financial markets specialist with over a decade of experience covering investing, economics and digital assets. His work has been cited by U.S. Congress, the DOJ, the Bank for International Settlements, Bloomberg, Reuters, CNBC, Fox and Newsweek, as well as academic institutions.

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