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Understand the game plan

For NFL stars and those of us sitting and watching football at home, one of the first steps to financial security is “understanding your cash flow deeply,” according to Mike Olivia, a registered financial advisor with the NFL.

It’s essential to know how much money you have coming in, how much you’re spending, how much goes to debt and taxes, and how much you have left over for saving and investing.

Olivia said he encourages NFL players to “run their career as if it's a business,” which means they need to understand financial statements like the balance sheet, income statements, cash flow, and equity.

“What's necessary [is] to understand how to operate like an entrepreneur. That knowledge is key,” he said — and that level of financial literacy is just as important for the average American as it is for wealthy athletes.

Save like Ocho

When it comes to saving, NFL players have a one-up on their fans. Most footballers retire from the League by the time they’re 30, long before the average retirement age of 64, which means they have longer to save and put their money to work.

According to Olivia, the optimum savings rate — the percentage of gross income you can save — is 20%. Still, most people struggle to save even 5% due to ongoing expenses like mortgages, insurance, and paying off loans.

“With professional athletes, because they’re generating so much of their lifetime earnings in a short period of time, they may be able to save 80% of that income,” Olivia explained.

With that much money tied up in savings, NFL stars can really capitalize on compound interest.

Johnson said no to sports cars and bling to save much of his career earnings. Like the NFL star, you might want to consider expenditures you can say no to.

Put your money to work

How do rich people get rich — beyond inheriting money or landing a cash windfall like freshly-drafted NFL players?

“It's business ownership, it's having some interest in a business (whether it's your own or another) such as stock options, RSUs, or some other ownership of stock,” said Olivia, who is a senior partner of West Pac Wealth Partners and the head of strategy at the Olivia Team Virtual Family Office. “Or it's likely to be real estate, or some passive income vehicle.”

“If I think about an NFL athlete … how do we create it so that they're utilizing holding tanks or financial vehicles that are beneficial, that generate yield, that are safe [and] liquid so that [they] have access to capital to then be able to generate passive income ultimately when they’re no longer in the League?”

While you may not consider yourself rich, it’s still worth accumulating assets (if you can) to help you reach your long-term financial ambitions.

Play defense

Insurance doesn’t have to be a grudge purchase. It can protect you from unexpected financial losses and help you to live more confidently in everyday life.

With NFL stars, a career-ending injury is common, said Olivia, which is why he advises players to buy disability insurance.

“Their income, bonuses, performance-based compensation — all of those things can be insured, but a lot of these athletes don’t have the time [to think about personal risk management],” he said.

“They also think, at some level, that they're indestructible because that’s the mindset you have to have to make it into the League. [But having] protection to play that defense is key.”

Another layer of defense is excess liability insurance. If you get into a car accident, a lawsuit, or a guest slips and falls on your property, this coverage will step up when the liability coverage of your other policies, like home and auto, has been exhausted.

Finally, life insurance is not only helpful due to the death benefit — Olivia said it can also be “a wonderful asset class” while you’re living because of the financial features many policies have.

Get advice from a coach

Spur-of-the-moment financial decisions driven by FOMO — fear of missing out — do not always end well.

Olivia said it’s better to take a step back and calculate the risks, perhaps with the help of a mentor or a financial professional.

He gave the example of NFL stars engaging the right CPA firm. “Having the right accounting professional and accounting advice is really key … being able to avoid state income tax — there are ways to do that.”

Legal advice is just as important, he added, in terms of setting up trusts, estate plans, and maybe even prenuptial agreements to protect assets in a way that no one can touch them.

Bethan Moorcraft is a reporter for Moneywise with experience in news editing and business reporting across international markets.

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