In the United States today, 17% of children under 18 live in blended families. Remarriages can create a big, happy family or a Brady Bunch scenario, but they can also cause conflicts, especially when creating an estate plan with lots of money on the line.
Let’s say that Peter and Rhonda have been married for six years. It’s a later-in-life marriage, so both had children from prior relationships. While everyone gets along, Peter didn’t play an active role in raising his stepchildren, as they were already teens at the time of the marriage.
Now Peter and Rhonda are making their estate plans. Unfortunately, this process is creating conflict because Peter has substantial assets. He wants to leave his fortune to his own children, but Rhonda feels like her kids should also get a piece of the pie.
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So, should Peter leave money to Rhonda’s kids? And if he doesn’t, how can he ensure his wishes are respected if he dies first?
Peter isn’t alone in favoring his biological children
While Rhonda may feel Peter is being unfair by prioritizing his own children in his estate plan, this is not unusual.
“It is common, and it is legal,” Lisa G. McCurdy, founder of The Wealth Counselor, told Moneywise. “In blended families, many parents want their own children to inherit what they built. Stepchildren generally do not inherit by default unless they were legally adopted.”
Rachel Schromen, an estate planning attorney at Schromen Law, agreed, telling Moneywise, “it’s very common in blended families for someone to want their assets to ultimately pass to their biological children rather than their stepchildren.”
McCurdy said that spouses are often fine with this plan, while Schromen explained that the preference “doesn’t necessarily reflect lack of love or commitment to their spouse or stepchildren. Often, it’s simply a recognition that each spouse came into the marriage with different family relationships, financial obligations, and intentions for their estate.”
And Somita Basu, founder of Norton Basu, LLP, said this is often a two-way street, telling Moneywise, “it’s very common for parents to leave their estate to their biological children and exclude their stepchildren. Often the other spouse will do the same with their own biological children. This is usually the assumption made by both spouses. Each leaves their estate to their own children.”
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What should you do if your spouse is upset about it?
While Peter can point out that many people favor their own kids when creating an estate plan, and tell Rhonda she’s free to do the same, the conflict may still remain if Rhonda feels her children are being shortchanged. An open conversation between the two about the issue could be the best way to deal with the situation.
“When spouses disagree about an estate plan, I encourage them to approach the conversation with curiosity rather than defensiveness,” Schromen said. “What’s really driving the disagreement? Is one spouse worried about financial security? Does excluding stepchildren feel like a rejection of the family they’ve built together? Or is the other spouse concerned that assets intended for their children could ultimately pass to someone else?”
McCurdy also stressed the importance of understanding each other’s point of view. “A spouse is often not upset about the money. A spouse is upset about what the plan seems to say. It can feel like a verdict on the marriage or on the children she raised alongside you.”
McCurdy said she refers to this as an “unchecked assumption” in her work, and urges the couple to listen to each others’ point of view to find common ground. This doesn’t mean Peter must give Rhonda’s kids a cut. But, he needs to help her understand and feel confident in the decision he’s making.
Peter needs to get help
While Peter doesn’t have to give money to his stepkids, that may not be the case when it comes to his wife. He will likely need to make sure he’s smart about how he sets up his plans so he can fulfill obligations to provide for Rhonda and will also protect his own children in the end.
“Be careful with simple wills that leave everything to the surviving spouse,” McCurdy said. “The survivor can change her plan later. Your children may then receive nothing. Also know that in most states, a surviving spouse has a legal right to claim a share of the estate regardless of the will.”
The good news, according to Schromen, is that there are “planning options that address both spouses’ concerns.” She gave the example of a trust, which “can be structured to provide financial support for a surviving spouse during their lifetime while preserving remaining assets for the deceased spouse’s children.” And she also explained that “prenuptial or postnuptial agreements may also help to clarify expectations and address spousal inheritance rights.”
Basu advised the couple to work with an estate planning and family law attorney to understand these issues and guide them in understanding reasonable outcomes. “In many states, step-children are not considered the children of the step-parent absent an adoption or a specific gift in the will,” she said.
If the couple can come together, hopefully they can protect their relationship while also ensuring that everyone is appropriately provided for. After all, “the goal should not be to win an argument about who deserves an inheritance,” Schromen said. It should create a plan that respects both spouses’ needs while ensuring each person’s intentions are legally protected.”
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Christy Bieber is a US based personal finance and legal writer who has 15 years of experience. She has written for many publications including Forbes, Kilplinger, CNN, WSJ, Credit Karma, Insurify and more.
