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Debt
A businessman in a dapper suit looks at his watch while crossing the road. MalikNalik / Shutterstock

Americans are taking on side hustles to pay off debt — could passive income offer a better way out?

Social satirist and comedian George Carlin once quipped: “It’s called the American Dream because you have to be asleep to believe it.”

Every morning, when the alarm goes off, Americans are left bleary-eyed and disoriented, wanting to roll over and return to their dreams.

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But some, shrugging off the corporate influence and endless drive to make someone else money, are leaving behind their 9-to-5 dead ends and seeking solace in social media to scratch their creative itches. Greg Keogh of Austin, Texas, is such an entrepreneur. The 30-something engineer designed a large lint roller, and its sales cleaned up on Amazon.

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The best part of his newfound source of income is that he can choose how he spends his days.

“That is the ultimate power,” he told the Wall Street Journal.

The pivot to passive income

The trend of late Millennials and Gen Z adults lines up with labor market data. The number of Americans holding multiple jobs steadily increased from 2016 to 2026, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. After a dip during the pandemic, those numbers have bounced back to record levels.

The rise in side hustles isn’t abating, either. A Harris Poll for the American Staffing Association (ASA) found that more than six in 10 employed U.S. adults say they’re likely to pick up extra work in the next year.”

“For growing numbers of Americans, a side hustle can be a good way to build savings, pay off debt, find a new job, or change careers. However, for others, a side hustle means having enough money to make ends meet,” said Richard Wahlquist, CEO of ASA, in a release. “With economic uncertainty dominating the headlines, it’s not surprising to see Americans looking for ways to create some breathing room in their budgets.”

Zety’s survey also found that most respondents are shifting their financial habits to manage debt and prepare for potential fallout from U.S. policy changes. Nearly four in five (78%) believe tariffs will make it harder to repay or avoid debt.

To cope, 38% said they’ve cut back on non-essential spending and have increased their minimum payments. Others reported transferring balances, delaying repayment, consolidating debt, refinancing and seeking financial counseling.

Meanwhile, U.S. consumer confidence continues to deteriorate across most age and income groups, according to The Conference Board’s Consumer Confidence Index. Inflation isn’t cooling, and real wages haven’t seen growth in over a decade.

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Debt is carving new career paths

Student loans, medical bills and credit card debt are forcing workers to take jobs outside their skill set, accept precarious roles or put their career ambitions on hold.

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Debt isn’t just pushing Americans toward side hustles; it’s also influencing work and career choices. A Bank of America survey found that nearly 85% of consumers carried some type of personal debt, while 26% of the workforce was seeking help in emergency savings, payment plans and overall financial wellness. A report by Zety noted that 37% of employees accepted jobs outside of their industry just to repay their debt.

“Debt is a growing force behind why people take certain jobs, stay in roles longer than they’d like, or hesitate to make a career pivot,” Priya Rathod, a career trends expert at job site Indeed, told CNBC.

The pressure is unlikely to ease any time soon. Household debt remains at record highs, and debt service payments as a percent of disposable income are creeping back up from historic lows.

Before jumping into a side hustle, take a look at the math. According to the Federal Reserve, workers with multiple jobs put in 174 more hours a year than single-job workers, yet earn $1.01 less per hour on average. That adds up to just $900 more annually.

“People really need to understand that working more hours is a short-term solution, and growing your main income is a long-term strategy,” Rathod told CNBC.

If your side hustle brings in good money, it might be worth the extra effort. But if it’s low-paying or unstable, you may be better off focusing on your current job, asking for a raise, pursuing a promotion, or even changing careers altogether.

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Vawn Himmelsbach Contributor

Vawn Himmelsbach is a veteran journalist who covers tech, business, finance and travel. Her work has been featured in publications such as The Globe and Mail, Toronto Star, National Post, CBC News, Yahoo Finance, MSN, CAA Magazine, Travelweek, Explore Magazine and Consumer Reports.

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